Abstract
This paper discusses conceptual issues about rural research that need to be considered in order to understand the complexity of rural communities and peasant production systems. This paper reviews the nature of both local and scientific knowledge. In addition, it discuses the necessity to comprehend the multi-rationality and "amphibian cultural" concepts in order to understand the organizational, productivity, symbolic and cultural process present in the rural conmunities. This reflection is very lmportant in building an agroecological paradigm and rural development.
